Clever Geek Handbook

Traefik, Docker und Docker-Registrierung

Unter dem Schnitt sehen Sie:

  1. Verwenden von Traefik als Reverse-Proxy zum Weiterleiten des Datenverkehrs in Docker-Containern.





  2. Verwenden von Traefik zum automatischen Abrufen Verschlüsseln von Zertifikaten





  3. Verwenden von Traefik, um den Zugriff auf die Docker-Registrierung mithilfe der Basisauthentifizierung zu unterscheiden





  4. Alle oben genannten Funktionen werden ausschließlich in docker-compose.yml konfiguriert und erfordern keine Übertragung separater Konfigurationsdateien in Containern.





Relevanz des Themas

Fast alle Anweisungen im Internet verwenden mehrere zusätzliche Konfigurationsdateien, die beim Start in den Container kopiert werden müssen. Wir haben eine Möglichkeit gefunden, alle erforderlichen Einstellungen ausschließlich in der Erstellungsdatei vorzunehmen.





Darüber hinaus gibt es im Internet nur wenige Informationen zur Verwendung von Traefik zur Steuerung des Zugriffs auf die Docker-Registrierung. Die unten beschriebene Technik kann verwendet werden, um den Zugriff auf jede Anwendung zu steuern, die die Rest-API implementiert.





Eine Lösung finden

Hier ist ein Link zum offiziellen Artikel zur Bereitstellung der Docker-Registrierung. Scrollen Sie auf der Seite nach unten und sehen Sie sich ein Beispiel für die Bereitstellung über Docker-Compose an. Ich werde das folgende Beispiel erneut drucken:





registry:
  restart: always
  image: registry:2
  ports:
    - 5000:5000
  environment:
    REGISTRY_HTTP_TLS_CERTIFICATE: /certs/domain.crt
    REGISTRY_HTTP_TLS_KEY: /certs/domain.key
    REGISTRY_AUTH: htpasswd
    REGISTRY_AUTH_HTPASSWD_PATH: /auth/htpasswd
    REGISTRY_AUTH_HTPASSWD_REALM: Registry Realm
  volumes:
    - /path/data:/var/lib/registry
    - /path/certs:/certs
    - /path/auth:/auth

https registry, . . https , , , let's encrypt - traefik.





registry, . ,    . nginx, .





nginx . , traefik.





, .





Registry

registry compose . “registry", compose :





mkdir registry
cd registry
nano docker-compose.yml

:





version: '2.4'
services:
  registry:
    restart: always
    image: registry:2
    ports:
      - 5000:5000
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
        
        
        
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
    





docker-compose up -d

http://<IP>:5000/v2/_catalog , <IP> - ip . 

:





{"repositories":[]}

, . - firewall.





Traefik

traefik . 

SSL, .





registry compose . “registry", compose :





mkdir traefik
cd traefik
nano docker-compose.yml

:





version: "2.4"
 
services:
 
  traefik:
    image: "traefik:v2.4"
    container_name: "traefik"
    command:
      - "--api.insecure=true"
    ports:
      - "8080:8080"
() 
command:
- "--api.insecure=true"

command .

dashboard insecure . , dashboard traefik. traefik , 8080. 





      - "8080:8080"

8080 docker traefik. , dashboard traefik





:





docker-compose up -d

IP 8080:





Registry Traefik ( )

, compose , , . 

.





compose Traefik: 





Version: "2.4"
 
services:
 
  traefik:
    image: "traefik:v2.4"
    container_name: "traefik"
    command:
      - "--api.insecure=true"
      - "--providers.docker=true"
      - "--providers.docker.exposedbydefault=false"
    ports:
      - "80:80"
      - "8080:8080"
    networks:
      - registry_default
    volumes:
      - "/var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock:ro"
networks:
  registry_default:
    external: true
() 
- "--providers.docker=true"

. traefik .





- "--providers.docker.exposedbydefault=false"

HTTP HTTP traefik. , traefik docker , expose . . 





, ! , - ! : hosts “IP__ _”, “http://_" .





- "80:80"

80 (http) docker traefik. .





    networks:
      - registry_default
networks:
  registry_default:
    external: true

, compose . , compose “___default, compose .





volumes:
  - "/var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock:ro"

docker.sock traefik. , traefik . , , .





compose Registry: 





version: '2.4'
services:
  registry:
    restart: always
    image: registry:2
    ports:
      - 5000:5000
    labels:
      - "traefik.enable=true"
      - "traefik.http.routers.registry.rule=Host(`<REGISTRY.FQDN>`)"
() 
- "traefik.enable=true"

traefik, 





- "traefik.http.routers.registry.rule=Host(`<REGISTRY.FQDN>`)"

traefik, <REGISTRY.FQDN> . , , .





- "traefik.http.services.registry.loadbalancer.server.port=5000"

, , . docker 1 , . 





:





docker-compose up -d

http://<REGISTRY.FQDN>:5000/v2/_catalog , <REGISTRY.FQDN> - , compose .





:





{"repositories":[]}

.





SSL ( https)

SSL Let's Encrypt.





compose Traefik:





version: "2.4"
 
services:
 
  traefik:
    image: "traefik:v2.4"
    container_name: "traefik"
    command:
      - "--api.insecure=true"
      - "--providers.docker=true"
      - "--providers.docker.exposedbydefault=false"
      - "--entrypoints.web.address=:80"
      - "--entrypoints.web.http.redirections.entryPoint.to=websecure"
      - "--entrypoints.websecure.address=:443"
      - "--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.httpchallenge=true"
      - "--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.httpchallenge.entrypoint=web"
      - "--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.email=<EMAIL>"
      - "--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.storage=/letsencrypt/acme.json"
    ports:
      - "80:80"
      - "443:443"
      - "8080:8080"
    networks:
      - registry_default
    volumes:
      - "letsencrypt:/letsencrypt"
      - "/var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock:ro"
volumes:
  letsencrypt:
networks:
  registry_default:
    external: true
() 
- "--entrypoints.web.address=:80"

entrypoint http web .





- "--entrypoints.web.http.redirections.entryPoint.to=websecure"

entrypoint web websecure. HTTP HTTPS





- "--entrypoints.websecure.address=:443"

entrypoint 443 websecure





- "--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.httpchallenge=true"

Let’s Encrypt http challenge





- "--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.httpchallenge.entrypoint=web"

entrypoint http challenge





- "--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.email=<EMAIL>"

<email> 





- "--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.storage=/letsencrypt/acme.json"

acme.json. . , “/acme.json" .





- "443:443"

443 (https) docker traefik. .





    volumes:

      - "letsencrypt:/letsencrypt"

volumes:

  letsencrypt:

SSL . .

: /var/lib/docker/volumes/< >





compose Registry:





version: '2.4'
services:
  registry:
    restart: always
    image: registry:2
    ports:
      - 5000:5000
    labels:
      - "traefik.enable=true"
      - "traefik.http.routers.registry.rule=Host(`<REGISTRY.FQDN>`)"
      - "traefik.http.routers.registry.entrypoints=websecure"
      - "traefik.http.routers.registry.tls.certresolver=myresolver"
() 
- "traefik.http.routers.registry.entrypoints=websecure"

entrypoint http (web) websecure





- "traefik.http.routers.registry.tls.certresolver=myresolver"

SSL





:





docker-compose up -d

http://<REGISTRY.FQDN>:5000/v2/_catalog , <REGISTRY.FQDN> - , compose .





, :





  • http https





  • Let's Encrypt





, traefik - . , docker logs traefik



.





SSL dashboard

, dashboard , . , , .





compose Traefik:





version: "2.4"
 
services:
 
  traefik:
    image: "traefik:v2.4"
    container_name: "traefik"
    command:
      - "--api.insecure=true"
      - "--providers.docker=true"
      - "--providers.docker.exposedbydefault=false"
      - "--entrypoints.web.address=:80"
      - "--entrypoints.web.http.redirections.entryPoint.to=websecure"
      - "--entrypoints.websecure.address=:443"
      - "--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.httpchallenge=true"
      - "--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.httpchallenge.entrypoint=web"
      - "--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.email=<EMAIL>"
      - "--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.storage=/letsencrypt/acme.json"
    ports:
      - "80:80"
      - "443:443"
      - "8080:8080"
    networks:
      - registry_default
    volumes:
      - "letsencrypt:/letsencrypt"
      - "/var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock:ro"
    labels:
      - "traefik.enable=true"
      - "traefik.http.routers.traefik.rule=Host(`<TRAEFIK.FQDN>`)"
      - "traefik.http.routers.traefik.entrypoints=websecure"
      - "traefik.http.routers.traefik.tls.certresolver=myresolver"
      - "traefik.http.routers.traefik.service=api@internal"
volumes:
  letsencrypt:
networks:
  registry_default:
    external: true
() 
labels:
  - "traefik.enable=true"
  - "traefik.http.routers.traefik.rule=Host(`<TRAEFIK.FQDN>`)"
  - "traefik.http.routers.traefik.entrypoints=websecure"
  - "traefik.http.routers.traefik.tls.certresolver=myresolver"

<traefik.fqdn> dashboard.





- "traefik.http.routers.traefik.service=api@internal"

.





api@internal - . dashboard .





registry, .





traefik:





docker-compose up -d

http://<TRAEFIK.FQDN>, <TRAEFIK.FQDN> - traefik dashboard, compose .





. .





compose Traefik:





version: "2.4"
 
services:
 
  traefik:
    image: "traefik:v2.4"
    container_name: "traefik"
    command:
      - "--api.insecure=true"
      - "--providers.docker=true"
      - "--providers.docker.exposedbydefault=false"
      - "--entrypoints.web.address=:80"
      - "--entrypoints.web.http.redirections.entryPoint.to=websecure"
      - "--entrypoints.websecure.address=:443"
      - "--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.httpchallenge=true"
      - "--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.httpchallenge.entrypoint=web"
      - "--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.email=<email>"
      - "--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.storage=/letsencrypt/acme.json"
    ports:
      - "80:80"
      - "443:443"
      - "8080:8080"
    networks:
      - registry_default
    volumes:
      - "letsencrypt:/letsencrypt"
      - "/var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock:ro"
    labels:
      - "traefik.http.middlewares.traefik-compress.compress=true"
      - "traefik.enable=true"
      - "traefik.http.routers.traefik.rule=Host(`<TRAEFIK.FQDN>`)"
      - "traefik.http.routers.traefik.entrypoints=websecure"
      - "traefik.http.routers.traefik.tls.certresolver=myresolver"
      - "traefik.http.routers.traefik.service=api@internal"
      - "traefik.http.routers.traefik.middlewares=traefik-compress"
volumes:
  letsencrypt:
networks:
  registry_default:
    external: true
() 
- "traefik.http.middlewares.traefik-compress.compress=true"

middleware traefik-compress . middleware . 





- "traefik.http.routers.traefik.middlewares=traefik-compress"

middleware traefik-compress traefik





compose Registry:





version: '2.4'
services:
  registry:
    restart: always
    image: registry:2
    ports:
      - 5000:5000
    labels:
      - "traefik.enable=true"
      - "traefik.http.routers.registry.rule=Host(`<REGISTRY.FQDN>`)"
      - "traefik.http.routers.registry.entrypoints=websecure"
      - "traefik.http.routers.registry.tls.certresolver=myresolver"
      - "traefik.http.routers.registry.middlewares=traefik-compress"
() 
- "traefik.http.routers.registry.middlewares=traefik-compress"

middleware traefik-compress registry





basic Dashboard

htpasswd. , (, Ubuntu):





apt-get install apache2-utils

“$” ( $ $$), docker-compose.yml





echo $(htpasswd -nbB USER "PASS") | sed -e s/\\$/\\$\\$/g

( ):





USER:$$2y$$05$$iPGcI0PwxkDoOZUlGPkIFe31e47F5vewcjlhzhgf0EHo45H.dFyKW

docker-compose.yml traefik ,   <USER-PASSWORD-OUTPUT>



.





compose Registry:





version: "2.4"
 
services:
 
  traefik:
    image: "traefik:v2.4"
    container_name: "traefik"
    command:
      - "--api.insecure=true"
      - "--providers.docker=true"
      - "--providers.docker.exposedbydefault=false"
      - "--entrypoints.web.address=:80"
      - "--entrypoints.web.http.redirections.entryPoint.to=websecure"
      - "--entrypoints.websecure.address=:443"
      - "--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.httpchallenge=true"
      - "--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.httpchallenge.entrypoint=web"
      - "--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.email=<EMAIL>"
      - "--certificatesresolvers.myresolver.acme.storage=/letsencrypt/acme.json"
    ports:
      - "80:80"
      - "443:443"
      - "8080:8080"
    networks:
      - registry_default
    volumes:
      - "letsencrypt:/letsencrypt"
      - "/var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock:ro"
    labels:
      - "traefik.http.middlewares.traefik-compress.compress=true"
      - "traefik.http.middlewares.auth.basicauth.users=<USER-PASSWORD-OUTPUT>"
      - "traefik.enable=true"
      - "traefik.http.routers.traefik.rule=Host(`<TRAEFIK.FQDN>`)"
      - "traefik.http.routers.traefik.entrypoints=websecure"
      - "traefik.http.routers.traefik.tls.certresolver=myresolver"
      - "traefik.http.routers.traefik.service=api@internal"
      - "traefik.http.routers.traefik.middlewares=traefik-compress,auth"
volumes:
  letsencrypt:
networks:
  registry_default:
    external: true
() 
- "traefik.http.middlewares.auth.basicauth.users=<USER-PASSWORD-OUTPUT>"

middleware auth . middleware . 





- "traefik.http.routers.traefik.middlewares=traefik-compress,auth"

middleware auth traefik





: ( .env ) docker-compose.yml <USER-PASSWORD-OUTPUT>,   $.  : 





echo $(htpasswd -nbB <USER> "<PASS>")

docker (docker-compose up -d) , dashboard traefik .





Registry

compose Registry:





version: '2.4'
services:
  registry:
    restart: always
    image: registry:2
    ports:
      - 5000:5000
    labels:
      - "traefik.enable=true"
      - "traefik.http.routers.registry.rule=Host(`REGISTRY.FQDN`) && Method(`POST`, `PUT`, `DELETE`, `PATCH`)"
      - "traefik.http.routers.registry.entrypoints=websecure"
      - "traefik.http.routers.registry.tls.certresolver=myresolver"
      - "traefik.http.routers.registry.service=registry"
      - "traefik.http.services.registry.loadbalancer.server.port=5000"
      - "traefik.http.routers.registry.middlewares=auth-registry,traefik-compress"
      - "traefik.http.middlewares.auth-registry.basicauth.users=<ADMIN-PASSWORD-OUTPUT>"
      - "traefik.http.routers.guest-registry.rule=Host(`REGISTRY.FQDN`) && Method(`GET`, `HEAD`)"
      - "traefik.http.routers.guest-registry.entrypoints=websecure"
      - "traefik.http.routers.guest-registry.tls.certresolver=myresolver"
      - "traefik.http.routers.guest-registry.service=guest-registry"
      - "traefik.http.services.guest-registry.loadbalancer.server.port=5000"
      - "traefik.http.routers.guest-registry.middlewares=aguest-registry,traefik-compress"
      - "traefik.http.middlewares.aguest-registry.basicauth.users=<USER-PASSWORD-OUTPUT>"

2 :





  • registry



    - (\)





  • guest-registry



    - ()





middleware basic .





, . , . - .





registry:





docker-compose up -d
Postman

.





Get - .





Post - 401.





.





Get - .





Post - . , registry, . .





traefik nginx, docker .





Das einzige Problem, mit dem wir bei der Migration zu traefik konfrontiert waren, ist die Unfähigkeit, Negative in Routing-Regeln zu verwenden. Sie können mehr über das Problem lesen Sie hier .







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