Clever Geek Handbook

Automatisierung der Suche nach Geheimnissen in Git und Ansible

Wissen Sie, was in Ihrem Git-Repository gespeichert ist? Gibt es unter den Hunderten von Commits Passwörter von Produktservern, die versehentlich dort angekommen sind?





Was aber, wenn das ansible-Skript beim Veröffentlichen abstürzt und die Kennwörter im Protokoll hervorhebt?





Ich werde Ihnen erzählen, wie wir versucht haben, solche Überprüfungen zu automatisieren, und was daraus entstanden ist.





Hallo Habr!

Mein Name ist Oleg, ich arbeite in einer ziemlich großen Bank für die Russische Föderation, in der Abteilung IT für IT.





  (OPS)  (ansible)   . 





2 git ( , ), , , , OPS .





,   master  OPS. 





? git    ( ) OPS. Jenkins git - ( ) OPS.





git? ?





, . secret management,  HashiCorp Vault, CyberArk Conjur .





, .





, pull request .





, !





?

3 , :





 





---
    dev_ssh_username1: "admin"
    dev_ssh_password1: "admin123"

- .









shell command ansible





- name: Deploy
  hosts: all
  tasks:
    - name: Update
      shell: "update.sh --user={{ update_user }} --password={{ update_password }}"

, playbook -v .





$ ansible-playbook deploy.yml -i env/DEV/hosts -v
TASK [Update] ******************************************************************
changed: [192.168.1.2] => {"changed": true, "cmd": "/home/dev/update.sh --user=secret_user --password=secret_password", "delta": "0:00:05.056532", "end": "2020-11-06 09:53:09.397355", "rc": 0, "start": "2020-11-06 09:53:04.340823", "stderr": "", "stderr_lines": [], "stdout": "Update SUCCESS", "stdout_lines": ["Update SUCCESS"]}

, playbook ( -v)





$ ansible-playbook deploy.yml -i env/DEV/hosts
TASK [Update] ******************************************************************
fatal: [192.168.1.2]: FAILED! => {"changed": true, "cmd": "/home/dev/update.sh --user=secret_user --password=secret_password", "delta": "0:00:00.018710", "end": "2020-11-06 10:14:30.642419", "msg": "non-zero return code", "rc": 127, "start": "2020-11-06 10:14:30.623709", "stderr": "/bin/sh: /home/dev/update.sh:     ", "stderr_lines": ["/bin/sh: /home/dev/update.sh:     "], "stdout": "", "stdout_lines": []}

  environment, :





- name: Deploy
  hosts: all
  tasks:
    - name: Update
      shell: "/home/dev/update.sh $AUTH_DATA"
      environment:
        AUTH_DATA: "--user={{ update_user }} --password={{ update_password }}"

credentials . no_log.









withCredentials





Jenkins, credentials  withCredentials. pipeline credential, , . Jenkins .





, , :





node {
  stage('Jenkins Credentials | Decrypt Secret File') {
    withCredentials([file(credentialsId: 'credentials-id', variable: 'secretFile')]) {
      sh 'cat $secretFile'
    }
  }
}

, , . ,  secretFile  withCredentials.











, . ( ).





.  SonarQube   Checkmarx. .





- SonarQube Hard-coded credentials are security-sensitive





, . ,  .





C Checkmarx - . ( Application Security ). , :





import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
 
@RestController
public class DemoController {
    @RequestMapping("/show_me_creds")
    public @ResponseBody String show_me_creds() {
        String thisIsMyLittleSecret = "qwerty12345";
        return thisIsMyLittleSecret;
    }
}

opensource . google "find secrets in git" :





Gitleaks, :





  • regexp, ;





  • ;





  • json;





  • ;





  • .





- toml , : 





[[rules]]
  description = "generic secret regex"
  regex = '''secret(.{0,20})([0-9a-zA-Z-._{}$\/\+=]{20,120})'''
  tags = ["secret", "example"]

, : 





[[rules]]
  description = "entropy and regex example"
  regex = '''secret(.{0,20})([0-9a-zA-Z-._{}$\/\+=]{20,120})'''
  [[rules.Entropies]]
    Min = "4.5"
    Max = "4.7"

: " , ,    4,5 4,7, "





,  .





:





➜  ~  gitleaks --repo=gitleaks --repo=https://github.com/gitleakstest/gronit.git --verbose --pretty
INFO[2020-04-28T13:00:34-04:00] cloning... https://github.com/gitleakstest/gronit.git
Enumerating objects: 135, done.
Total 135 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 135
{
        "line": "const AWS_KEY = \"AKIALALEMEL33243OLIAE\"",
        "offender": "AKIALALEMEL33243OLIA",
        "commit": "eaeffdc65b4c73ccb67e75d96bd8743be2c85973",
        "repo": "gronit.git",
        "rule": "AWS Manager ID",
        "commitMessage": "remove fake key",
        "author": "Zachary Rice",
        "email": "zricethezav@users.noreply.github.com",
        "file": "main.go",
        "date": "2018-02-04T19:43:28-06:00",
        "tags": "key, AWS"
}
...
...
WARN[2020-04-28T13:00:35-04:00] 6 leaks detected. 33 commits audited in 77 milliseconds 738 microseconds

, gitleaks - .





- whitelist , :





[[rules]]
  description = "entropy and regex example"
  regex = '''secret(.{0,20})['|"]([0-9a-zA-Z-._{}$\/\+=]{20,120})['|"]'''
  [[rules.Entropies]]
    Min = "4.5"
    Max = "4.7"
  [[rules.whitelist]]
    regex = '''secret.some_value_that_match_regexp_but_not_really_a_secret'''
    description = "ignore that string"

- pull request webhook Jenkins, , gitleaks - NEED WORK.





, , gitleaks ( ). 





ansible

, , playbook, Jenkins .





- name: Deploy
  hosts: all
  tasks:
    - name: Update
      shell: "update.sh --user={{ update_user }} --password={{ update_password }}"

ansible - , OPA (      ), python.





,  Ansible Lint.





Ansible, " " , .





2 :





  • ;





  • playbook. , . 





- python , id, short description, description tags ( Ansible Lint ) match matchtask, .   .





matchtask, task, . 





, ( ):





class CommandsInsteadOfModulesRule(AnsibleLintRule):
    id = '303'
    shortdesc = 'Using command rather than module'
    description = (
        'Executing a command when there is an Ansible module '
        'is generally a bad idea'
    )
    severity = 'HIGH'
    tags = ['command-shell', 'resources', 'ANSIBLE0006']
 
    _commands = ['command', 'shell']
    _modules = {
        'apt-get': 'apt-get',
# ,    
        'yum': 'yum',
    }
 
    def matchtask(self, file, task):
        if task['action']['__ansible_module__'] not in self._commands:
            return
 
        first_cmd_arg = get_first_cmd_arg(task)
        if not first_cmd_arg:
            return
 
        executable = os.path.basename(first_cmd_arg)
        if executable in self._modules and \
                boolean(task['action'].get('warn', True)):
            message = '{0} used in place of {1} module'
            return message.format(executable, self._modules[executable])

- task command shell  _modules - .





- (password/pass/login ) command shell . 





no_log, . no_log - .





, Gitleaks Ansible Lint, . , .. ( ).





withCredentials

, Jenkinsfile , ( ).





node {
  stage('Jenkins Credentials | Decrypt Secret File') {
    withCredentials([file(credentialsId: 'credentials-id', variable: 'secretFile')]) {
      sh 'cat $secretFile'
    }
  }
}

.





Jenkinsfile groovy,  Abstract Syntax Tree  .   AstBuilder  ,  withCredentials, withCredentials. , .





,   secretFile - stage,  secretFile . 





1000 , ,   .





, pipeline  Pipeline model definition plugin, pipeline json . - .





?

, 1000 pull request. 3% gitleaks, , ansible.





, OPS .





, :





  • https://nightfall.ai/resources/introducing-radar-api-detect-credentials-secrets-in-code-via-machine-learning/ - . - ?





  • https://www.shellcheck.net/ - shell .





  • https://github.com/PyCQA/bandit - security linter python.





  • https://twitter.com/leak_scavenger  ist nur ein interessanter Twitter-Bot, der Github, Pastebin, Ghostbin nach Geheimnissen, Kreditkarten, privaten Schlüsseln usw. durchsucht. Quellen sind natürlich vorhanden.











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